孕妇配偶的压力与性格特征的相关性

目的:描述孕妇配偶的压力水平及性格特征,探讨压力与性格特征的相关性。方法:对167例孕妇配偶用妊娠压力量表测量其压力水平,用艾森克个性问卷测量其性格特征,并分析性格特征对压力的影响。结果:压力量表测量赤示孕妇配偶的压力处于中等水平(M=1.53);艾森克个性问卷示孕妇配偶E因子(性格内外向)、P因子(精神病质)、N因子(神经质)及L因子(掩饰程度)均高于常模,具有性格内向,有精神病质和神经质双重倾向,与常模(n=1000)比较,差异有显著性意义(t=22.32～34.88,P均>0.05);孕妇配偶的压力水平与精神病质、性格内外向及神经质得分成正相关(r=0.196～0.347,P<0.05)。结论:孕妇配偶存在中等程度的压力,其不良性格特征会增加压力,提示临床护理工作者可以用艾森克个性问卷对孕妇配偶进行心理测试,对于有不良性格特征的孕妇配偶应给予重点关注。     

心理社会因素对服毒自杀患者的影响

目的探讨心理社会因素对服毒自杀患者的影响。方法选择住院的服毒自杀患者98例为服毒自杀组和正常健康人100例为健康组,采用生活事件量表、艾森克人格问卷、症状自评量表及社会支持评定量表的方法进行调查分析。结果生活事件量表问卷结果显示过去1年内服毒自杀患者遇到的心理社会刺激强度增加,与健康组比较,差异有显著性(P<0.01);艾森克个性问卷结果显示N量表分服毒自杀组明显高于健康组,差异有显著性(P<0.01);SCL-90结果显示服毒自杀患者躯体化、强迫、人际敏感、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐怖、偏执、精神病各因子与健康组相比有显著性差异(P<0.01);社会支持评定结果显示服毒自杀组与健康组在主观支持和社会支持利用度两个维度上差异有显著性(P<0.01)。结论心理社会因素对服毒自杀者有重要的影响。     

Iron‐chelating therapy with deferasirox in transfusion‐dependent,higher risk myelodysplastic syndromes: a retrospective,multicentre study

Iron chelation is controversial in higher risk myelodysplastic syndromes (HR‐MDS), outside the allogeneic transplant setting. We conducted a retrospective, multicentre study in 51 patients with transfusion‐dependent, intermediate‐to‐very high risk MDS, according to the revised international prognostic scoring system, treated with the oral iron chelating agent deferasirox (DFX). Thirty‐six patients (71%) received azacitidine concomitantly. DFX was given at a median dose of 1000 mg/day (range 375–2500 mg) for a median of 11 months (range 0·4–75). Eight patients (16%) showed grade 2–3 toxicities (renal or gastrointestinal), 4 of whom (8%) required drug interruption. Median ferritin levels decreased from 1709 μg/l at baseline to 1100 μg/l after 12 months of treatment (P = 0·02). Seventeen patients showed abnormal transaminase levels at baseline, which improved or normalized under DFX treatment in eight cases. One patient showed a remarkable haematological improvement. At a median follow up of 35·3 months, median overall survival was 37·5 months. The results of this first survey of DFX in HR‐MDS are comparable, in terms of safety and efficacy, with those observed in lower‐risk MDS. Though larger, prospective studies are required to demonstrate real clinical benefits, our data suggest that DFX is feasible and might be considered in a selected cohort of HR‐MDS patients.     

空军新兵心理健康状况与人格特征、反应能力的调查分析

[目的]探讨空军新入伍战士的整体心理健康状况及其与人格特征、反应能力的关系，为提高其心理健康水平提供依据。[方法]应用无线心理测评仪，对134名新战士进行症状自评量表（SCL-90）、艾森克人格问卷（EPQ）以及数字搜索测验。所绳资料采用SPSS软件包进行t检验和pearson相关分析。[结果]新战士SCL-90各项因子评分均显著低于军人常模（P〈O．01），SCL-90各因子结果与EPQ各维度结果具有相关性，抑郁、精神病性因子与能力测验结果有显著的负相关（P〈0．05）。[结论]空军新入伍战士的心理健康水平较好，需考虑其人格特征等特点，加强对战士心理状态的动态把握。     

艺术类大学生人格特质与自动思维的相关研究

目的 探讨艺术类大学生人格特质与自动思维的相关关系.方法 采用艾森克问卷(EPQ)和自动思维问卷(ATQ)对随机抽取的676名大学生进行集体施测,将艺术类大学生与非艺术类大学生人格特征和自动思维对照进行统计分析.结果 ①艺术类大学生在P分量表上的男女生得分显著低于非艺术类大学生(t=-2.63,P＜0.05;t=-4....     

Root cause analysis of limitations of virtual crossmatch for kidney allocation to highly-sensitized patients

Efficient allocation of deceased donor organs depends upon effective prediction of immunologic compatibility based on donor HLA genotype and recipient alloantibody profile, referred to as virtual crossmatching (VCXM). VCXM has demonstrated utility in predicting compatibility, though there is reduced efficacy for patients highly sensitized against allogeneic HLA antigens. The recently revised deceased donor kidney allocation system (KAS) has increased transplantation for this group, but with an increased burden for histocompatibility testing and organ sharing. Given the limitations of VCXM, we hypothesized that increased organ offers for highly-sensitized patients could result in a concomitant increase in offers rejected due to unexpectedly positive crossmatch. Review of 645 crossmatches performed for deceased donor kidney transplantation at our center did not reveal a significant increase in positive crossmatches following KAS implementation. Positive crossmatches not predicted by VCXM were concentrated among highly-sensitized patients. Root cause analysis of VCXM failures identified technical limitations of anti-HLA antibody testing as the most significant contributor to VCXM error. Contributions of technical limitations including additive/synergistic antibody effects, prozone phenomenon, and antigens not represented in standard testing panels, were evaluated by retrospective testing. These data provide insight into the limitations of VCXM, particularly those affecting allocation of kidneys to highly-sensitized patients.     

神经性厌食患者人格特征进食态度及应对方式研究

目的：探讨神经性厌食患者的人格特征、进食态度及应对方式,为临床干预提供依据。方法对42例神经性厌食患者（研究组）和41名健康者（对照组）采用艾森克人格问卷、进食态度问卷及应对方式问卷进行测评分析,并比较两组对体质量的满意度。结果研究组艾森克个性问卷的神经质维度分显著高于对照组（P＜0．01）,内外向维度分显著低于对照组（P＜0．05）;进食态度量表评分和应对方式问卷总分及消极应对维度分显著高于对照组（P＜0．01）,积极应对维度分显著低于对照组（P＜0．01）;体质量指数显著低于对照组（P＜0．01）,对当前体质量不满意率显著高于对照组（P＜0．01）。结论神经性厌食患者呈内向不稳定型神经质人格特征,存在负性认知进食障碍,多采取消极应对方式,应对其予以有针对性的心理干预。     

司法警察的个性特征与心理健康状况调查

目的探讨司法警察的个性特点与心理健康状态的关系，制定北京市司法警察的艾森克个性问卷常模。方法对北京市836名司法警察采用症状自评量表、自测健康量表、艾森克个性问卷进行调查并与国内常模比较。结果艾森克个性问卷P量表得分偏低，E、N量表得分偏高，L量表得分较均衡。症状自评量表、自测健康评定量表评分显示，一线司法警察心理健康状况显著低于二线，女性普遍好于男性；司法警察的精神质和神经质特征与症状自评量表各因子呈显著正相关，与自测健康量表子量表呈显著负相关；内外向倾向与效度量表相反，子量表与症状自评量表各因子均呈负相关。结论司法警察的个性特征倾向于外向，男性情绪趋向于不稳定，心理状况普遍较差，且与神经质和精神质特性有关；症状自评量表、自测健康量表、艾森克个性问卷调查结果可以作为北京市司法警察的常模使用。